FORECAST AS A SUBGENRE IN PRINTED MEDIA AND THEIR ELECTRONIC VERSIONS
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0).
The study is devoted to the forecast as one of the still insufficiently studied speech genres. Forecasting assumes a special significance in the period of sociopolitical instability, when society is interested in looking into the future, so that it was possible to prevent all sorts of negative consequences. Various forecasts such as information and analytical genres are constantly broadcast through the media. This determines the problems of this research and its relevance. The research is based on Russian federal and regional publications and their electronic versions. The forecast is considered as a subgenre, included in more complex genre forms – conversations, interviews, official speeches. The method of discourse analysis used by the author allows to reveal specific features of the genre, individual speech strategies of the addressee in forecasting (informing, creating the image of the future), realized tactics (manipulation of information and recipient’s consciousness, epiphany, argumentation, etc.). The headlines of the printed media show the provocative nature of individual forecasts: by reducing the hypothetical character of the text, making it ambiguous the journalist distorts information, provokes the appearance of rumors and conjectures. The article shows the ways of the genre representation: personal (author’s) forecasts and forecasts reflecting someone else’s point of view (citation). The author analyzes linguistic aspects of the genre: the use of verbs that reduce the degree of categoricality, forms of the future and present of extended time. The role of expressive means (negatively colored vocabulary, metaphors, hyperboles, irony) that contribute to increasing the impact of forecasts on the mass audience is highlighted.
Key words:
Bibliography
- Baikulova A. N. Instrumentarij vozdejstvija SMI : gipoteticheskie vyskazyvanija i ih rol’ v rechi politikov [Instrumentation of media influence : hypothetical statements and their role in the speech of politicians]. In : Mediakul’turnoe prostranstvo Rossii, Evropy i Severnoj Ameriki kak prostranstvo riska : materialy mezhdunar. nauchno-prakticheskaja konferencija (1–3 marta 2017, Saratov) [Mediocultural space of Russia, Europe and North America as a space of risk : materials of the international. Scientific and Practical Conference (1–3 March 2017, Saratov)]. Saratov : ITs “Nauka”, 2017, pp. 94–101 (in Russian).
- Baikulova A. N. Persuazivnye prognozy i scenarii v massmedijnom politicheskom diskurse (funkcii i sredstva vyrazhenija) [Persuasive predictions and scenarios in massmedical political discourse (functions and means of expression)]. Medialingvistika [Medialingvistika], 2017, no. 1(16), pp. 31–39 (in Russian).
- Bryzgalova E. N., SHevelevskij I. M. Prognozirovanie kak kommunikativnaya model’ v delovom mediadiskurse (na materiale “RBK”) (Prediction as a communication model in business media discourse (on the material of “RBC”)). Mir lingvistiki i kommunikacii [The world of linguistics and communication], 2015, no. 2. Available at : http://tverlingua.ru/archive/039/04_39. pdf (Accessed 5 April 2016) (in Russian).
- Dankova N. S., Dubrovskaya T. V. Strategija prognozirovanija kak sredstvo reprezentacii sudebnoj vlasti v SMI (na materiale rossijskih i anglijskih gazet) [The strategy of forecasting as a means of constructing judicial power in the mass media (based on Russian and English Newspapers)]. Nauchnye vedomosti. Ser. Gumanitarnye nauki [Scientific bulletin. Humanities Philology. Journalism. Pedagogy. Psychology], 2016, no. 21(242), iss. 31, pp. 90–97 (in Russian).
- Karasik V. I. Zatemnenie smysla rechi kak kommunikativnaja praktika [Diminishing the meaning of speech as a communicative practice]. In : Mediakul’turnoe prostranstvo Rossii, Evropy i Severnoj Ameriki kak prostranstvo riska : materialy mezhdunar. nauchno-prakticheskaja konferencija (1–3 marta 2017, Saratov) [Mediocultural space of Russia, Europe and North America as a space of risk : materials of the international. Scientific and Practical Conference (1–3 March 2017, Saratov)]. Saratov, ITs “Nauka”, 2017, pp. 21–33 (in Russian).
- Kelling G. L. Crime and Metapfor : Toward a New Concept of Policing, 2000. Available at: http://www.city journal.org/article01.php?aid=1577 (Accessed 23 February 2004).
- Kormilicyna M. A. Prichiny vozniknovenija kommunikativnyh riskov i sposoby ih preduprezhdenija v pechatnyh SMI [The causes of communicative risks and ways to prevent them in print media]. In : Riskogennost’ sovremennoj kommunikacii i rol’ kommunikativnoj kompetencii v ejo preodolenii [The risk of modern communication and the role of communicative competence in overcoming it]. Saratov, Izd-vo Sarat. un-ta, 2016, pp. 28–47 (in Russian).
- Kormilicyna M. A., Sirotinina O. B. Jazyk SMI : ucheb. posobie po kursu “Jazyk SMI” [Language of the media : tutorial for the course “Language of the media”]. Saratov, Izd-vo Sarat. un-ta, 2011. 92 p. (in Russian).
- Krjukov S. V. Forsajt : ot prognoza k formirovaniju budushhego [Foresight : from the forecast to the formation of the future]. Terra economicus, 2000, vol. 8, no. 3, p. 2, pp. 7–17 (in Russian).
- Martin B. Research Foresight and the exploitation of science base. London, HSMO, 1993. 81 р.
- Mihajlov K. V. Strategicheskoe planirovanie kompanij s ispol’zovaniem metoda Forsajt [Strategic planning of companies using the Forsyte method]. In : Transportnoe delo Rossii [Transport business in Russia], 2010, no. 4, рp. 24–25 (in Russian).
- Solopova O. A. Cognitivno-discursivnoe prognozirovanie : razrabotka metamodeli [Cognitive-discursive prediction : the development of a metamodel]. Politicheskaja lingvistika [Political linguistics], 2011, no. 2(36), pp. 171–176 (in Russian).
- Tertychnyj A. A. Zhanry periodicheskoj pechati [Genres of the periodical press]. Moscow, Aspekt Press Publ., 2000. 310 p. (in Russian).
- Uzdinskaja E. V. Neudachnye zagolovki v sovremennyh pechatnyh izdanijah [Unsuccessful headlines in modern prints]. Problemy rechevoj kommunikacii [Problems of speech communication]. Saratov, Izd-vo Sarat. un-ta, 2007, iss. 7, pp. 86–105 (in Russian).
Journal issue:
Heading:
Full Text (PDF):
(downloads: 361)